Bond Characteristics | JamaPunji (2024)

Face Value/Par Value

The face value (also called as the par value) is the quantity of money a holder will receive back once a bond matures. A newly issued bond generally sells at the par value.

What makes other people more confused is that the par value isn’t the price of the bond. A bond's price wavers all through its life in reaction to a number of variables. When a bond trades at a price higher the face value, it is thought to be selling at a premium. When a bond sells lower than face value, it is thought to be selling at a discount.

Coupon (The Interest Rate)

Coupon is the quantity of money the bondholder receives as interest payments. It is usually expressed as a percentage of the par value. It’s referred to as “coupon” because sometimes these bonds have a physical presence which one can tear off and redeem back for interest. Though, this was a more common thing in the past, these days the records are electronically managed.

If a bond pays a coupon of 10% and its par value is Rs.10,000 its interest would be Rs.1000 annually. Rates that remain stay as a fixed percentage of the par value like these are considered as Fixed-rate bond. Another possibility is flexible interest payment, referred to as floating-rate bond where interest rate is tied up to market rates through an index, for example the rate on Treasury bills.

One might presume investors will pay more for a high coupon than for a low coupon. All things being equivalent, a lower coupon suggests that price of the bond will fluctuate more.

Maturity

Maturity is the date on which the principal amount of a note, draft, acceptance bond or other debt instruments becomes due and is reimbursed back to the investor and thereafter the interest payments stops. It is also regarded as the termination date on which an installment loan must be paid in full. Maturities can range from as low as 3 years to as long as 30 years.

A bond that matures in three years is much more anticipated and therefore less risky than a bond that matures in 30 years. Thus, in general, the longer the duration to maturity, the higher the interest rate. Also, all things being comparable, a longer term bond will alter more than a shorter term bond.

Bond Characteristics | JamaPunji (2024)

FAQs

What are the characteristics of a bond? ›

Some of the characteristics of bonds include their maturity, their coupon (interest) rate, their tax status, and their callability. Several types of risks associated with bonds include interest rate risk, credit/default risk, and prepayment risk. Most bonds come with ratings that describe their investment grade.

Are bonds a good investment in 2024? ›

As inflation finally seems to be coming under control, and growth is slowing as the global economy feels the full impact of higher interest rates, 2024 could be a compelling year for bonds.

Should you buy bonds when interest rates are high? ›

Should I only buy bonds when interest rates are high? There are advantages to purchasing bonds after interest rates have risen. Along with generating a larger income stream, such bonds may be subject to less interest rate risk, as there may be a reduced chance of rates moving significantly higher from current levels.

What are the different types of bonds with their characteristics? ›

The Bonds can be categorised into four variants: Corporate Bonds, Municipal Bonds, Government Bonds and Agency Bonds. The Bond prices are inversely proportional to the Coupon Rate. When the rate of interest increases the bond prices decrease and rate of interest decreases, the bond price increases.

What determines the character of a bond? ›

To determine if a bond is ionic or covalent in nature, the most straightforward way is to compare electronegativities. If two elements have a large electronegativity difference, they are likely to be ionic, while a small electronegativity difference is likely to be covalent.

What are the characteristics of bond order? ›

A high bond order indicates more attraction between electrons. A higher bond order also means that the atoms are held together more tightly. With a lower bond order, there is less attraction between electrons and this causes the atoms to be held together more loosely.

Are bonds a good investment right now? ›

High-quality bond investments remain attractive. With yields on investment-grade-rated1 bonds still near 15-year highs,2 we believe investors should continue to consider intermediate- and longer-term bonds to lock in those high yields.

What happens to bonds after 5 years? ›

Once a Series I bond is five years old, there is no interest penalty for redemption. Question: Can you determine what the value of a Series I bond will be in future years? inflation rate can vary. You can count on a Series I bond to hold its value; that is, the bond's redemption value will not decline.

Are bonds safer than stocks? ›

U.S. Treasury bonds are generally more stable than stocks in the short term, but this lower risk typically translates to lower returns, as noted above. Treasury securities, such as government bonds, notes and bills, are virtually risk-free, as the U.S. government backs these instruments.

How much is a $100 savings bond worth after 30 years? ›

How to get the most value from your savings bonds
Face ValuePurchase Amount30-Year Value (Purchased May 1990)
$50 Bond$100$207.36
$100 Bond$200$414.72
$500 Bond$400$1,036.80
$1,000 Bond$800$2,073.60

Can you lose money on bonds if held to maturity? ›

After bonds are initially issued, their worth will fluctuate like a stock's would. If you're holding the bond to maturity, the fluctuations won't matter—your interest payments and face value won't change.

Is it a good or bad time to buy bonds? ›

Answer: Now may be the perfect time to invest in bonds. Yields are at levels you could only dream of 15 years ago, so you'd be locking in substantial, regular income. And, of course, bonds act as a diversifier to your stock portfolio.

Can I lose any money by investing in bonds? ›

You can lose money on a bond if you sell it for less than you paid or the issuer defaults on their payments. When you buy or sell a bond, the commission is built into its price. The investment firm marks up the price of the bond slightly to cover the costs of selling the bond.

How to invest in bonds for beginners? ›

One of the simplest ways to invest in bonds is by purchasing a mutual fund or ETF that specializes in bonds. Government bonds can be purchased directly through government-sponsored websites without the need for a broker, though they can also be found as part of mutual funds or ETFs.

Why would someone be willing to invest in junk bonds? ›

Junk bonds are a high-risk investment, but they offer the potential for higher returns than investment-grade bonds. Junk bonds, also known as high-yield bonds, are best suited for investors who are willing to take on more risk in order to achieve higher returns.

What are the properties of a bond? ›

There are three main properties of chemical bonds that must be considered—namely, their strength, length, and polarity.

Which of the following is a characteristic of a bond? ›

 A bond represents a promise to repay a fixed amount of funds.  The face value or principal plus interest is repaid at a specified period of time.  The length of coupon payments is fixed by the stated maturity period.  All of these are characteristics of bonds.

What are the characteristics of a strong bond? ›

A strong chemical bond is formed from the transfer or sharing of electrons between atomic centers and relies on the electrostatic attraction between the protons in nuclei and the electrons in the orbitals.

What are the 3 main components of a bond? ›

Bonds have three major components: the face value (also called “par value”), a coupon rate and a stated maturity date. A bond* is essentially a loan an investor makes to the bond's issuer.

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